- Selected Papers
- Liu, R., Becerik-Gerber, B., & Lucas, G. M. (2026). Technology acceptance in high-stakes serious games: Extending Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with affective and experiential predictors in active shooter preparedness. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2026.2635682
- Liu, R., Wu, W., Becerik-Gerber, B., Lucas, G. M., Laboy, M., & Fannon, D. (2025). Reinforcement learning for evaluating school safety designs in active shooter incidents. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 67, 103575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2025.103575
- Liu, R., Becerik-Gerber, B., Pynadath, D. V., Marti, D., & Lucas, G. M. (2025). Elicitation and verification of learning via experts (EVOLVE) for creating a theoretical framework for active shooter incidents. Developments in the Built Environment, 21, 100635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100635
- Liu, R., Becerik-Gerber, B., Lucas, G. M., & Busta, K. (2025). Impact of behavior-based virtual training on active shooter incident preparedness in healthcare facilities. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 118, 105225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2025.105225
- Liu, R., Becerik-Gerber, B., & Lucas, G. M. (2025). Investigating the role of personal factors in shaping responses to active shooter incidents using machine learning. In Computing in Civil Engineering 2024. American Society of Civil Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784486115.036
- Zhang, T., Feng, T., Ni, Y., Cao, M., Liu, R., Avestimehr, K., Butler, K., Weng, Y., Zhang, M., Narayanan, S., & Avestimehr, S. (2025). Creating a lens of Chinese culture: A multimodal dataset for Chinese pun rebus art understanding. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025 (pp. 22473–22487). Association for Computational Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.1155
- Liu, R., Wu, W., Becerik-Gerber, B., & Lucas, G. M. (2024). Enhancing building safety design for active shooter incidents: Exploration of building exit parameters using reinforcement learning-based simulations. In 31st EG-ICE International Workshop on Intelligent Computing in Engineering 2024. https://doi.org/10.35869/Proceedings_EGICE2024
- Liu, R., Becerik-Gerber, B., Lucas, G. M., & Busta, K. (2024). Development of a VR training platform for active shooter incident preparedness in healthcare environments via a stakeholder-engaged process. In Computing in Civil Engineering 2023. American Society of Civil Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784485231.006
- Liu, R., Awada, M., Becerik Gerber, B., Lucas, G. M., & Roll, S. C. (2023). Gender moderates the effects of ambient bergamot scent on stress restoration in offices. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 91, 102135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.102135
- Awada, M., Becerik-Gerber, B., Lucas, G. M., Roll, S. C., & Liu, R. (2023). A new perspective on stress detection: An automated approach for detecting eustress and distress. IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, 15(3), 1153–1165. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAFFC.2023.3324910